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Tokyo Gov. Yuriko Koike (far L) talks to Japan's Emperor Naruhito, Empress Masako and their daughter Aiko (far R) on Oct. 23, 2025, at the Tokyo metropolitan memorial hall, which honors the estimated 100,000 people killed during U.S. air raids on the capital on the night of March 10, 1945, toward the end of World War II. (Pool photo)

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Emperor visits WWII victim memorial hall in Tokyo

Japanese Emperor Naruhito, Empress Masako (2nd from R) and their daughter, Princess Aiko, meet with a bereaved family member at the Tokyo metropolitan memorial hall on Oct. 23, 2025. It honors an estimated 100,000 people who were killed in a single night during U.S. air raids toward the end of World War II on March 10, 1945. (Pool photo)

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Emperor visits WWII victim memorial hall in Tokyo

Japanese Emperor Naruhito, Empress Masako (2nd from R) and their daughter, Princess Aiko, meet with a bereaved family member at the Tokyo metropolitan memorial hall on Oct. 23, 2025. It honors an estimated 100,000 people who were killed in a single night during U.S. air raids toward the end of World War II on March 10, 1945. (Pool photo)

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Emperor visits WWII victim memorial hall in Tokyo

Japanese Emperor Naruhito, Empress Masako (C) and their daughter, Princess Aiko, offer flowers at the Tokyo metropolitan memorial hall on Oct. 23, 2025. It honors an estimated 100,000 people who were killed in a single night during U.S. air raids toward the end of World War II on March 10, 1945. (Pool photo)

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Emperor visits WWII victim memorial hall in Tokyo

Japanese Emperor Naruhito, Empress Masako (C) and their daughter, Princess Aiko, bow at the Tokyo metropolitan memorial hall on Oct. 23, 2025. It honors an estimated 100,000 people who were killed in a single night during U.S. air raids toward the end of World War II on March 10, 1945. (Pool photo)

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Memorial service for Koreans killed in March 1945 air raids on Tokyo

A memorial ceremony for Koreans killed in the March 10, 1945, U.S. air raids on Tokyo is held in the Japanese capital on March 18, 2023, about a week after the 78th anniversary of the incident in which an estimated 100,000 people died in a single night during World War II. About 10 percent of the victims were said to be Koreans.

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Memorial service for Koreans killed in March 1945 air raids on Tokyo

A memorial ceremony for Koreans killed in the March 10, 1945, U.S. air raids on Tokyo is held in the Japanese capital on March 18, 2023, about a week after the 78th anniversary of the incident in which an estimated 100,000 people died in a single night during World War II. About 10 percent of the victims were said to be Koreans.

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Memorial service for Koreans killed in March 1945 air raids on Tokyo

A memorial ceremony for Koreans killed in the March 10, 1945, U.S. air raids on Tokyo is held in the Japanese capital on March 18, 2023, about a week after the 78th anniversary of the incident in which an estimated 100,000 people died in a single night during World War II. About 10 percent of the victims were said to be Koreans.

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Monument on Miyagi mountain for B-29 crashes

SENDAI, Japan - The "Cenotaph of Fubo," built for 34 U.S. crew members who died in crashes of three B-29 bombers on the ridge of Mt. Fubo on March 10, 1945, the day of the so-called Great Tokyo Air Raids, is seen on Aug. 2, 2014, in Shiraishi, Miyagi Prefecture.

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Man shows photos of B-29s crashed in 1945

SENDAI, Japan - Hiroshi Kawamata speaks in Koriyama, Fukushima Prefecture, on Aug. 3, 2014, about his experience with showing pictures of U.S. B-29 bombers taken four months after they crashed on the ridge of Mt. Fubo in Shiraishi, Miyagi Prefecture, on March 10, 1945, the day of the so-called Great Tokyo Air Raids. Residents in the city are planning to hold a memorial service for 34 crew members killed in the three B-29 crashes, in 2015, the 70th anniversary of the end of the Pacific War.

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Commemorating Tokyo air raid

TOKYO, Japan - Women offer chrysanthemums at the cenotaph for victims of the March 10, 1945, U.S. air raid on Tokyo in Sumida Park in Tokyo's Taito Ward on March 10, 2011, the event's 66th anniversary. An estimated 100,000 people were killed in the single night's attack involving over 300 B-29 bombers.

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Civilians riding oxcart, walking through Tokyo during wartime

TOKYO, Japan - Survivors of the May 25, 1945 air raids by B-29 bombers on Tokyo are seen walking and riding an oxcart through scorched Tokyo. The attack was the second deadliest after the March 10, 1945 air raids on the capital in which about 100,000 were killed. The photo was taken in Tokyo on May 30, 1945.

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Emperor Showa visits scorched area in Tokyo's Fukagawa area

TOKYO, Japan - Emperor Hirohito, posthumously known as Emperor Showa, visits the scorched land in Tokyo's Fukagawa area after air raids on the capital on March 10, 1945. The photo was taken on March 18, 1945.

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Old train car transformed into classroom, popular among kindergarteners

TOKYO, Japan - Students of Tomoe Kindergarten enjoy their classroom built out of an old train car. Tomoe Elementary School, whose unique teaching style was featured in the best-selling novel ''Totto-chan'' by actress Tetsuko Kuroyanagi, burnt down during the March 10, 1945 air raids on Tokyo, and only its kindergarten reopened. This file photo was taken on Nov. 2, 1948 in Jiyugaoka, Tokyo.

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Tokyo marks 63rd anniversary of 1945 U.S. air raids

TOKYO, Japan - Residents attend a government memorial service in Tokyo's Sumida Ward on March 10 in memory of the people who died in massive air raids the United States unleashed on the Japanese capital on March 10, 1945 during World War II. About 100,000 people died in the bombings. Tokyo Gov. Shintaro Ishihara attended the memorial service, along with Prince Hitachi, the younger brother of Emperor Akihito, and his wife Princess Hanako.

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Citizens file damages suit over 1945 Tokyo air raids

TOKYO, Japan - Some 110 people arrive at the Tokyo District Court in central Tokyo on March 9 to sue the state for damages and an apology for their suffering from U.S. air raids on Tokyo on March 10, 1945, which they said was caused by the government's delayed decision to end the war. The plaintiffs consist of citizens who suffered in the air raids and bereaved families.

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Sumo wrestler killed in World War II air raid

TOKYO, Japan - This file photo shows former sekiwake sumo wrestler Toyoshima, killed in the March 10, 1945 air raids on Tokyo. The date and place of the photo are unknown.

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Tokyo marks 60th anniversary of U.S. air raids in WWII

TOKYO, Japan - People offer flowers for the some 100,000 victims of the World War II U.S. firebombings March 10, 1945, before a ceremony to mark the 60th anniversary of the bombings March 15 in Tokyo.

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A bird's eye view of area near Diet building

TOKYO, Japan - A bird's eye view of the area near the Diet building in central Tokyo scorched by the March 10, 1945 air raids. This photo was taken in Kasumigaseki, Tokyo, in 1945, with its specific date unknown.

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Kijuro Shidehara

A diplomat turned politician who served as Japan's second postwar prime minister from October 1945 to May 1946. Shidehara became foreign minister twice before World War II (1924-27, 1929-31). The so-called Shidehara diplomacy of 1920s was characterized as its advocacy of international cooperation and a conciliatory attitude toward China. Born Aug. 11, 1872 and died March 10, 1951.