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East Timor joins ASEAN

East Timor Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao makes a speech after a signing ceremony marking East Timor's admission into the Association of Southeast Asian Nations was held in Kuala Lumpur on Oct. 26, 2025.

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Japan-ASEAN summit in Kuala Lumpur

Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi (front, R) chats with East Timor Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao during a summit involving Japan and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations in Kuala Lumpur on Oct. 26, 2025. (Pool photo)

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Japan-ASEAN summit in Kuala Lumpur

Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi (front, R) chats with East Timor Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao during a summit involving Japan and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations in Kuala Lumpur on Oct. 26, 2025. (Pool photo)

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Japan-ASEAN summit in Kuala Lumpur

Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi (front, R) hugs East Timor Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao during a summit involving Japan and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations in Kuala Lumpur on Oct. 26, 2025. (Pool photo)

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47th ASEAN Summit Opening - Kuala Lumpur

Timor-Leste's Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao delivers a speech during the 47th Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Summit and related summits in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Oct. 26, 2025. The 47th ASEAN Summit and related summits kicked off in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, on Sunday under the theme "Inclusivity and Sustainability." Photo by Cen Yunpeng /Xinhua/ABACAPRESS.COM

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47th ASEAN Summit Opening - Kuala Lumpur

Lao Prime Minister Sonexay Siphandone, Singaporean Prime Minister Lawrence Wong, Thai Prime Minister Anutin Charnvirakul, Vietnamese Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh, Prime Minister of Timor-Leste Xanana Gusmao, Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim, Philippine President Ferdinand Romualdez Marcos, Sultan of Brunei Haji Hassanal Bolkiah, Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Manet, Indonesian President Prabowo Subianto, and a representative from Myanmar (L to R) are present at the signing of the Declaration on the Admission of Timor-Leste into the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Oct. 26, 2025. The 47th ASEAN Summit and related summits kicked off in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, on Sunday under the theme "Inclusivity and Sustainability." Photo by Cen Yunpeng /Xinhua/ABACAPRESS.COM

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East Timor PM in Tokyo

Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida (2nd from R) holds talks with East Timor Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao (3rd from L) in Tokyo on Dec. 16, 2023.

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East Timor PM in Tokyo

Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida (R) shakes hands with East Timor Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao prior to their talks in Tokyo on Dec. 16, 2023.

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CHINA-ZHEJIANG-HANGZHOU-GUESTS-INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE-DEMONSTRATION (CN)

(230923) -- HANGZHOU, Sept. 23, 2023 (Xinhua) -- Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao of Timor-Leste participates in an activity demonstrating intangible cultural heritages before a welcoming banquet in Hangzhou, capital city of east China's Zhejiang Province, Sept. 23, 2023. (Xinhua/Huang Jingwen)

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CHINA-ZHEJIANG-HANGZHOU-XI JINPING-TIMOR-LESTE PM-MEETING (CN)

(230923) -- HANGZHOU, Sept. 23, 2023 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Xi Jinping meets with Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao of Timor-Leste in Hangzhou, capital city of east China's Zhejiang Province, Sept. 23, 2023. (Xinhua/Liu Bin)

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CHINA-ZHEJIANG-HANGZHOU-XI JINPING-TIMOR-LESTE PM-MEETING (CN)

(230923) -- HANGZHOU, Sept. 23, 2023 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Xi Jinping meets with Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao of Timor-Leste in Hangzhou, capital city of east China's Zhejiang Province, Sept. 23, 2023. (Xinhua/Liu Bin)

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CHINA-ZHEJIANG-HANGZHOU-ASIAN GAMES-TIMOR-LESTE PM-ARRIVAL (CN)

(230921) -- HANGZHOU, Sept. 21, 2023 (Xinhua) -- Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao of Timor-Leste arrives in Hangzhou, capital city of east China's Zhejiang Province, Sept. 21, 2023. Xanana Gusmao on Thursday arrived here to attend the opening ceremony of the 19th Asian Games. (Xinhua/Huang Zongzhi)

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CHINA-ZHEJIANG-HANGZHOU-ASIAN GAMES-TIMOR-LESTE PM-ARRIVAL (CN)

(230921) -- HANGZHOU, Sept. 21, 2023 (Xinhua) -- A welcoming ceremony is held upon the arrival of Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao of Timor-Leste in Hangzhou, capital city of east China's Zhejiang Province, Sept. 21, 2023. Xanana Gusmao on Thursday arrived here to attend the opening ceremony of the 19th Asian Games. (Xinhua/Huang Zongzhi)

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CHINA-ZHEJIANG-HANGZHOU-ASIAN GAMES-TIMOR-LESTE PM-ARRIVAL (CN)

(230921) -- HANGZHOU, Sept. 21, 2023 (Xinhua) -- Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao of Timor-Leste arrives in Hangzhou, capital city of east China's Zhejiang Province, Sept. 21, 2023. Xanana Gusmao on Thursday arrived here to attend the opening ceremony of the 19th Asian Games. (Xinhua/Huang Zongzhi)

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CHINA-ZHEJIANG-HANGZHOU-ASIAN GAMES-TIMOR-LESTE PM-ARRIVAL (CN)

(230921) -- HANGZHOU, Sept. 21, 2023 (Xinhua) -- Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao of Timor-Leste arrives in Hangzhou, capital city of east China's Zhejiang Province, Sept. 21, 2023. Xanana Gusmao on Thursday arrived here to attend the opening ceremony of the 19th Asian Games. (Xinhua/Huang Zongzhi)

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Election in E. Timor

DILI, East Timor - Election officials count votes in Dili, the capital of East Timor, on July 7, 2012, after polls closed. A parliamentary election held the same day was seen as a close contest between the center-left National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction (CNRT) party of Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao and the left-wing Fretilin party of former Prime Minister Mari Alkatiri.

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Presidential runoff in East Timor

DILI, East Timor - Photo taken April 15, 2012, in Dili, the capital of East Timor, shows a billboard with an image of Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao and former military chief Matan Ruak (R) with their arms around each other's shoulders and making victory signs.

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E. Timor Prime Minister Gusmao in Japan

TOKYO, Japan - East Timor's Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao speaks in an interview with Kyodo News at a hotel in Tokyo on March 19, 2012.

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E. Timor Prime Minister Gusmao in Japan

TOKYO, Japan - East Timor's Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao (L) and Japanese Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda shake hands at the latter's office in Tokyo on March 19, 2012.

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East Timorese Prime Minister Gusmao in Tokyo

TOKYO, Japan - Visiting East Timorese Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao speaks at a news conference at the Japan National Press Club in Tokyo on March 10.

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Japan promises E. Timor more support in peace-building

TOKYO, Japan - Japanese Prime Minister Taro Aso (R) and visiting East Timorese Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao shake hands before their talks at the prime minister's office in Tokyo on March 9. Japan assured Gusmao to continue to provide support in its peace-building and nation-building.

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E. Timor president seriously hurt in rebel attack

DILI, East Timor - East Timor President Jose Ramos-Horta (in file photo) was seriously injured by gunfire in an attack by rebel soldiers Feb. 11, a government official said, while Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao said he was targeted in a separate attack by rebels. Ramos-Horta ''was shot in his stomach and seriously injured'' in an attack at his home on the outskirts of Dili before dawn, a spokesperson of the prime minister's office told Kyodo News.

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Gusmao's party sets up coalition to govern East Timor

DILI, East Timor - Former East Timor President Xanana Gusmao speaks at a news conference in Dili on July 6 about an agreement to set up a coalition among his party and two smaller parties to secure a parliamentary majority needed to govern.

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E. Timor legislative election begins

DILI, East Timor - President Ramos-Horta shows off his finger to journalists after casting his vote at a polling station in Dili on June 30. East Timor kicked off parliamentary elections that are expected to be a fight between a new party led by popular former President Xanana Gusmao and the ruling Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor, better known as Fretilin, to determine a new government for the tiny country.

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E. Timor legislative election begins

DILI, East Timor - Voters line outside a polling station on the suburbs of Dili on June 30 as East Timor kicked off parliamentary elections that are expected to be a fight between a new party led by popular former President Xanana Gusmao and the ruling Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor, better known as Fretilin, to determine a new government for the tiny country.

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E. Timor begins voting for president

DILI, East Timor - Outgoing East Timorese President Xanana Gusmao (C) waits for his turn to vote at a polling station in Dili as people went to the polls again to cast their ballots in a presidential runoff contest between Prime Minister Jose Ramos-Horta and Parliament Speaker Francisco Guterres on May 9.

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E. Timor voting begins to elect 2nd president - Guterres votes

DILI, East Timor - Parliament Speaker Francisco Guterres from the Revolutionary Front of an Independent East Timor or Fretilin, casts his vote at a polling station in Dili for East Timor's presidential election on April 9 in a race against Prime Minister Jose Ramos-Horta. Voters will determine who will become the country's second president, a largely ceremonial post, to replace President Xanana Gusmao, who will not seek a second presidential term.

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E. Timor voting begins to elect 2nd president

DILI, East Timor - Prime Minister Jose Ramos-Horta (L) shows his ballot paper before voting at a polling station in Dili for East Timor's presidential election on April 9. Voters will determine who will become the country's second president, a largely ceremonial post, to replace President Xanana Gusmao, who will not seek a second presidential term. The former independence fighter is eyeing becoming prime minister through parliamentary elections in September.

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East Timor President Gusmao honored by Takushoku University

TOKYO, Japan - East Timorese President Xanana Gusmao (L) is presented with a school medal after receiving an honorary doctorate from Takushoku University President Toshio Watanabe on Feb. 25.

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E. Timor president meets Koizumi

TOKYO, Japan - East Timor President Xanana Gusmao (L) shakes hands with Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi at the premier's office in Tokyo on Dec. 13 prior to their talks.

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Gusmao meets press

TOKYO, Japan - East Timor President Xanana Gusmao speaks during an interview with Kyodo News and other news agencies in Tokyo on Feb. 25. He said he hopes Japan will continue assisting his country in economic recovery.

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(2)Gusmao urges Japan to maintain SDF presence in E. Timor

TOKYO, Japan - Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi (R) and East Timor President Xanana Gusmao shakes hands at the premier's office in Tokyo on Feb. 23 before their talks.

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(3)Gusmao urges Japan to maintain SDF presence in E. Timor

TOKYO, Japan - East Timor President Xanana Gusmao speaks during a news conference Feb. 23 at the Japan National Press Club in Tokyo. He said his country is pleased to hear of U.N. preparedness to extend its mission in East Timor for an additional one-year ''consolidation phase,'' at a reduced size.

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(1)Gusmao urges Japan to maintain SDF presence in E. Timor

TOKYO, Japan - Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi (L) welcomes East Timor President Xanana Gusmao at his office in Tokyo on Feb. 23.

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(2)E. Timor marks first anniversary of independence

DILI, East Timor - East Timorese President Xanana Gusmao delivers a speech in a ceremony marking East Timor's first anniversary as an independent nation May 20 in Dili.

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E. Timor may ask U.N. peacekeepers to stay longer: Gusmao

JAKARTA, Indonesia - East Timor President-elect Xanana Gusmao tells Kyodo News on May 2 in Jakarta that East Timor may ask the United Nations to keep its peacekeeping force in the country beyond the first two years after independence. Gusmao is in Indonesia ahead of the nation's May 20 independence celebrations.

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Koizumi meets with E. Timorese leaders

DILI, East Timor - Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi (L) is greeted by President-elect Xanana Gusmao (C) and Sergio Vierra de Mello (R), the head of the U.N. administration, on arrival in East Timor on April 29.

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Koizumi meets E. Timor leaders, hails independence

DILI, East Timor - Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi (L) shake hands with East Timor's president-elect Xanana Gusmao prior to their talks in Dili on April 29.

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Gusmao wins E. Timor's 1st presidential election

DILI, East Timor, April 17 Kyodo - Xanana Gusmao speaks at a news conference in Dili on April 17 after winning a landslide victory in East Timor's first presidential election. ''It is with enormous gratitude and humility that I received the trust that the people have put in me,'' Gusmao said.

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Ballot counting starts in E. Timor presidential poll

DILI, East Timor - An official opens a ballot box April 15 in Dili to begin the counting of ballots in East Timor's first presidential election held the previous day. The result between candidates Xanana Gusmao, 55, and Francisco Xavier do Amaral, 64, is expected April 17.

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Two candidates cast vote in E. Timor election

DILI, East Timor - Two rival candidates, Xanana Gusmao (R) and Francisco Xavier do Amaral shake hands after casting their votes in East Timor's first presidential election in capital Dili on April 14.

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E. Timor begins historic presidential election

DILI, East Timor - People queue for voting in East Timor's first presidential election April 14, with the majority of voters expected to choose independence hero Xanana Gusmao to lead the soon-to-be world's youngest nation.

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Tanaka meets Gusmao

TOKYO, Japan - Foreign Minister Makiko Tanaka (L) meets East Timorese independence leader Xanana Gusmao at her ministry in Tokyo on Jan. 29. Tanaka wears a stole given by Gusmao.

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Koizumi tells Gusmao Japan will boost aid to refugees

TOKYO, Japan - Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi (L) shakes hands with East Timorese independence leader Xanana Gusmao on Jan. 29 at the premier's official residence in Tokyo. Koizumi told him Japan will increase its financial aid to East Timorese refugees by $1 million.

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Gusmao, Ramos-Horta announce resignation

DILI, East Timor - East Timorese independence leaders Xanana Gusmao (L) and Jose Ramos-Horta announce Aug. 27 they are stepping down from the leadership of the National Council of Timorese Resistance (CNRT), East Timor's main political grouping. Gusmao and Ramos-Horta made the announcement at a CNRT congress in Dili.

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E. Timor's Falintil guerrilla army marks 25th anniversary

AILEU, East Timor - East Timorese leader Xanana Gusmao attends a ceremony in Aileu, East Timor, on Aug. 20 marking the 25th anniversary of the founding of the National Liberation Armed Forces of East Timor (Falintil). He turned over his post as commander in chief of the guerrilla army to his deputy, Taur Matan Ruak, at the event. The army was formed to wrest East Timor's independence from Indonesia, which annexed the territory as a province in 1976.

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ASEAN will not discuss E. Timor membership: Surin

BANGKOK, Thailand - Thai Foreign Minister Surin Pitsuwan (extreme R) meets with a delegation from East Timor, including (from L to R) independence leaders Jose Ramos-Horta and Xanana Gusmao as well as Sergio Vieira de Mello, the chief of the U.N. Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET), in Bangkok on July 24. He said the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) will not discuss East Timor's membership in the group until the territory becomes a fully independent country.

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CNRT to be disbanded after E. Timor independence: Gusmao

DILI, East Timor - East Timor leader Xanana Gusmao tells Japanese reporters in Dili on May 12 that the National Council of the Timorese Resistance (CNRT) will be disbanded after the territory gains independence.

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Gusmao calls on Obuchi

TOKYO, Japan - Prime Minister Keizo Obuchi greets East Timor political leader Xanana Gusmao at his official residence Dec. 17. Obuchi told Gusmao Japan plans to give financial assistance to East Timorese students in Indonesia.

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Int'l donors open talks on E. Timor aid

TOKYO, Japan - East Timor political leader Xanana Gusmao speaks at a meeting of delegates from more than 30 countries and international institutions in Tokyo on Dec. 17. The two-day discussions focused on how the international community can participate in the long-term development and reconstruction of East Timor. Gusmao called for ''true partnership'' with the international community in preparing East Timor for independence.