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An ox cart

The ox-drawn cart was used to transport luggage. A yoke was placed on the cow, and a tripod protruding from the cart was connected to the yoke for the cow to pull. The cow carriage that noblemen used in the Heian Period was called gissha to differentiate it from that used by commoners.==Date:unknown, Place:unknown, Photo:R. Stillfried, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number76‐39‐0]

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An ox cart

The ox-drawn cart was used to transport luggage. A yoke was placed on the cow, and a tripod protruding from the cart was connected to the yoke for the cow to pull. The cow carriage that noblemen used in the Heian Period was called gissha to differentiate it from that used by commoners.==Date:unknown, Place:unknown, Photo:unknown, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number51‐25‐0]

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Carriers carrying trees in ox-carts

Carts pulled by cows were called gyusha and were different from the gissha which were carts for passengers (although the two words are written the same). Carts have been pulled by cows from olden days, and in the restoration of Todaiji at the end of the 12th century, rikisha were also pulled by cows. The size of the wheel depended on the state of the roads, and in general the width of the carts was rather small.==Date:unknown, Place:unknown, Photo:unknown, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number11‐53‐0]