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Women shoot arrows in Coming-of-Age Day ritual

Women who will be turning 20 this year shoot arrows at a target in Sanjusangendo (the main hall of Rengeoin, a small Buddhist temple in Kyoto), on Coming-of-Age Day Jan. 15. This type of archery contest dates back to the times of Iemitsu Tokugawa (1604-1651), the third shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate, who forced his subordinate samurai warriors to compete in such contests.

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Sensoji Temple

This Kannon-do was rebuilt by the third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu in 1649. The style of construction is koran mitesaki-zukuri. The photograph captures a flock of pigeons flying from Niomon (gate). The building burned down in an air raid on March 10, 1945. The present-day Kannon-do was erected on October 17, 1958. Taken by Herbert George Ponting. Stereograph published in 1904.==Date:1904, Place:Tokyo, Photo:Underwood, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number97‐69‐0]

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The Karamon Gate,Taiyuin Shrine,Nikko

This is Karamon (Chinese Gate) at Taiyuin, the mausoleum of the third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu. Taiyuin is the posthumous Buddhist name of Iemitsu conferred by Emperor Gokomyo. The gates at Taiyuin are Niomon, then Nitenmon, then Yashamon, and finally Karamon. Karamon is 3m tall and has a 1.8-meter wide facade. It is the smallest structure in the precinct. However, the gate is embellished with elaborate craftsmanship, creating a graceful and sophisticated atmosphere.==Date:unknown, Place:Nikko, Photo:unknown, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number96‐99‐0]

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The Karamon Gate,Taiyuin Shrine,Nikko

This is Karamon (Chinese Gate) at Taiyuin, the mausoleum of the third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu. Taiyuin is the posthumous Buddhist name of Iemitsu conferred by Emperor Gokomyo. The gates at Taiyuin are Niomon, then Nitenmon, then Yashamon, and finally Karamon. Karamon is 3m tall and has a 1.8-meter wide facade. It is the smallest structure in the precinct. However, the gate is embellished with elaborate craftsmanship, creating a graceful and sophisticated atmosphere.==Date:unknown, Place:Nikko, Photo:unknown, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number90‐41‐0]

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Near the Nino-torii (the second gate),Toshogu Shrine,Nikko

Yomei Gate is seen through Karagane Torii, next to Omizuya in the precincts of Toshogu. The first bronze torii gate in Japan, Karagane Torii was built by the third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu. The building on the left is the Drum Tower, and to the right of it is the building where hanging lanterns are kept. Karamon is partially visible through Yomei Gate.==Date:unknown, Place:Nikko, Photo:unknown, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number90‐38‐0]

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The Nitenmon Gate,Taiyuin Shrine,Nikko

Nitenmon is located beyond Niomon in the precincts of Taiyuin, the mausoleum of third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu. A plaque inscribed with the word Taiyuin by Emperor Gomizunoo is affixed to the upper part of the gate. Two of the four celestial guardians, Jikokuten and Komokuten, are enshrined at the front part of the gate while the other two, Fujin and Raijin, were placed on the back . This is the largest gate at Nikko-Sannai.==Date:unknown, Place:Nikko, Photo:unknown, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number88‐21‐0]

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The honden,Taiyuin Shrine,Nikko

This is the hall of worship at Taiyuin, the mausoleum of the third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu. Taiyuin consists of a worship hall, middle room ( ainoma ), and main hall. The worship hall is a 64 tatami-mat space. Pictures of 140 dragons grace the ceiling, reportedly the work of the famous Kano School. The ainoma, where the shogun sat at the time of religious ceremonies, is visible on the right.==Date:unknown, Place:Nikko, Photo:unknown, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number87‐23‐0]

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The Nitenmon Gate,Taiyuin Shrine,Nikko

Nitenmon is located beyond Niomon in the precincts of Taiyuin, the mausoleum of third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu. A plaque inscribed with the word Taiyuin by Emperor Gomizunoo is affixed to the upper part of the gate. Two of the four celestial guardians, Jikokuten and Komokuten, are enshrined at the front part of the gate while the other two, Fujin and Raijin, were placed on the back . This is the largest gate at Nikko-Sannai.==Date:unknown, Place:Nikko, Photo:unknown, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number87‐22‐0]

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Niomon Gate,Taiyuin Shrine,Nikko

The Niomon stands at the entrance to Taiyuin, the mausoleum of third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu. Taiyuin is the posthumous name bequeathed by Emperor Gokomyo after Iemitsu's death. The gate is 3.2m high and is protected by the two Nio statues Mitsushaku Kongo and Naraen Kongo, the latter being visible here.==Date:unknown, Place:Nikko, Photo:A. Farsari, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number82‐43‐0]

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Niomon Gate,Taiyuin Shrine,Nikko

The Niomon stands at the entrance to Taiyuin, the mausoleum of third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu. Taiyuin is the posthumous name bequeathed by Emperor Gokomyo after Iemitsu's death. The gate is 3.2m high and is protected by the two Nio statues Mitsushaku Kongo and Naraen Kongo, the latter being visible here.==Date:unknown, Place:Nikko, Photo:A. Farsari, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number82‐42‐0]

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The Nitenmon Gate,Taiyuin Shrine,Nikko

Nitenmon is located beyond Niomon in the precincts of Taiyuin, the mausoleum of third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu. A plaque inscribed with the word Taiyuin by Emperor Gomizunoo is affixed to the upper part of the gate. Two of the four celestial guardians, Jikokuten and Komokuten, are enshrined at the front part of the gate while the other two, Fujin and Raijin, were placed on the back . This is the largest gate at Nikko-Sannai.==Date:unknown, Place:Nikko, Photo:Tamamura Kozaburo, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number80‐47‐0]

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The god of wind at Niomon Gate,Taiyuin Shrine,Nikko

Naraen-Kongo is one of the two Nio (guardian deities) at Niomon, the entrance gate to Taiyuin. Taiyuin is both the posthumous name give to third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu by Emperor Gokomyo and the name of his mausoleum. The other Nio statue is Mitsushaku-Kongo.==Date:unknown, Place:Nikko, Photo:Tamamura Kozaburo, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number80‐46‐0]

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The Yashamon Gate,Taiyuin Shrine,Nikko

Visitors climbing the steep stairs from Nitenmon pass the mausoleum of the third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu and come in front of Yashamon, where four yasha (female demons) are enshrined. Each yasha is painted in a different colour and represents north, south, east and west. Since the gate is decorated with peonies and arabesque patterns, it is also called the Botan-mon ( Peony Gate ).==Date:unknown, Place:Nikko, Photo:unknown, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number80‐48‐0]

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The Sanjinko (three sacred stonehouses) and Nino-torii Gate,Toshogu Shrine,Nikko

Kamijinko, built in azekurazukuri (wedge-log) style and visible on the right, stores the costumes and other accessories used in the 1,000 Samurai Procession Festival. The building on the left is the Omizuya (washing place) donated by the Nabeshima Clan. To the right of it stands the Karagane Torii, the first bronze gate in Japan built by the third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu. The double-roofed building behind it is the Rinzo used to store sutras.==Date:unknown, Place:Nikko, Photo:R. Stillfried, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number77‐10‐0]

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The Karamon Gate and the haiden (sanctuary),Toshogu Shrine,Nikko

These structures are the Karamon Gate and the Hall of Worship at Taiyuin, the tomb of the third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu. Taiyuin is Iemitsu's posthumous name conferred by Emperor Gokomyo. The gate is three meters tall and 1.8 meters wide. Although the smallest, it is the most delicate and elegant gate at Taiyuin. The Hall of Worship is 64 tatami mats in area.==Date:unknown, Place:Nikko, Photo:unknown, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number71‐34‐0]

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The Yashamon Gate,Taiyuin Shrine,Nikko

Visitors climbing the steep stairs from Nitenmon pass the mausoleum of the third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu and come in front of Yashamon, where four yasha (female demons) are enshrined. Each yasha is painted in a different colour and represents north, south, east and west. Since the gate is decorated with peonies and arabesque patterns, it is also called the Botan-mon ( Peony Gate ).==Date:unknown, Place:Otsu, Photo:unknown, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number71‐14‐0]

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The Yomeimon Gate seen from the second gate,Toshogu Shrine,Nikko

The six meter-tall Karagane Torii is in the right foreground. The first bronze torii gate in Japan, it was built by third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu. The Todaihoya, where hanging lanterns are stored, is visible through the gate. At the top of the stairs stands Yomei Gate, the most famous structure at Nikko Toshogu. The main shrine is inside the gate.==Date:unknown, Place:Nikko, Photo:unknown, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number71‐8‐0]

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Near the Nino-torii (the second gate),Toshogu Shrine,Nikko

Karagane Torii, built by third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu, is on the left. Above it is the Drum Tower and a hanging lantern in between. Yomei Gate, the best-known building at Toshogu, is in the centre. The main shrine is behind the gate. The Bell Tower is visible to the right of the gate. Part of Kamijinko is visible on the far right.==Date:unknown, Place:Nikko, Photo:Usui Shuzaburo?, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number65‐12‐0]

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The Sanjinko (three sacred stonehouses) and Nino-torii Gate,Toshogu Shrine,Nikko

Kamijinko, built in azekurazukuri (wedge-log) style and visible on the right, stores the costumes and other accessories used in the 1,000 Samurai Procession Festival. The building on the left is the Omizuya (washing place) donated by the Nabeshima Clan. To the right of it stands the Karagane Torii, the first bronze gate in Japan built by the third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu. The double-roofed building behind it is the Rinzo used to store sutras.==Date:unknown, Place:Nikko, Photo:F. Beato, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number62‐6‐0]

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The Nitenmon Gate,Taiyuin Shrine,Nikko

Nitenmon is located beyond Niomon in the precincts of Taiyuin, the mausoleum of third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu. A plaque inscribed with the word Taiyuin by Emperor Gomizunoo is affixed to the upper part of the gate. Two of the four celestial guardians, Jikokuten and Komokuten, are enshrined at the front part of the gate while the other two, Fujin and Raijin, were placed on the back . This is the largest gate at Nikko-Sannai.==Date:unknown, Place:Nikko, Photo:unknown, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number61‐22‐0]

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Tsurugaoka Hachimangu Shrine

The photograph is labeled No. 531 KAMAKURA. The huge gingko tree (presently designated as a Natural Monument by Kanagawa Prefecture) famous for the legend of the assassination of the third shogun, Minamoto Sanetomo (1192-1219), is on the left. A cycad tree is growing on the opposite side. The date is the same as that of photograph #4674.==Date:unknown, Place:Kamakura, Photo:unknown, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number59‐79‐0]

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The Yomeimon Gate seen from the second gate,Toshogu Shrine,Nikko

Yomei Gate is seen through Karagane Torii Gate from around Omizuya at Toshogu. The first bronze gate built in Japan, Karagane Torii was built by the third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu. The building on the left is the Koro (Drum Tower). To the right is a building used to store hanging lanterns. The building on the right is the Bell Tower. Behind Yomei Gate is the main shrine of Nikko Toshogu.==Date:unknown, Place:Nikko, Photo:unknown, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number54‐41‐0]

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The Yashamon Gate,Taiyuin Shrine,Nikko

Visitors climbing the steep stairs from Nitenmon pass the mausoleum of the third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu and come in front of Yashamon, where four yasha (female demons) are enshrined. Each yasha is painted in a different colour and represents north, south, east and west. Since the gate is decorated with peonies and arabesque patterns, it is also called the Botan-mon ( Peony Gate ).==Date:unknown, Place:Nikko, Photo:unknown, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number54‐36‐0]

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Near the Nino-torii (the second gate),Toshogu Shrine,Nikko

The structure on the left is the Omizuya, with a granite basin donated by the Nabeshima Clan in 1619. The building to the right is the Rinzo, where Buddhist sutras are stored. The first bronze torii built in Japan, Karagane Torii (centre foreground) was built by third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu. The building on the right back is the Drum Tower. A hanging lantern is visible to the right.==Date:unknown, Place:Nikko, Photo:unknown, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number54‐6‐2]

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Kokamon Gate,Taiyuin Shrine,Nikko

This is the entrance to the inner shrine at Taiyuin, the mausoleum of third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu. Kokamon, named after one of the twelve gates surrounding the Imperial Palace, is designed in Chinese Ming Dynasty style and was also called Ryugumon (Dragon Palace Gate). Celestial nymphs are painted on the ceiling.==Date:unknown, Place:Nikko, Photo:unknown, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number54‐5‐0]

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Five-tiered pagoda at Toji Temple

The five-story pagoda of Nin'naji Temple is seen from the west. Tall pine and cherry trees reach into the sky. The road in the foreground connects Niohmon Gate and Kondo Hall. The pagoda was built in 1637 by the third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu. Each side is approximately 5.5m wide. The pagoda is 33m tall and is painted red.==Date:unknown, Place:Kyoto, Photo:unknown, (Credit:Nagasaki University Library/Kyodo News Images) [Cabinet Number42‐14‐0]

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Women shoot arrows in Coming-of-Age Day ritual

Women who will be turning 20 this year shoot arrows at a target in Sanjusangendo (the main hall of Rengeoin, a small Buddhist temple in Kyoto), on Coming-of-Age Day Jan. 15. This type of archery contest dates back to the times of Iemitsu Tokugawa (1604-1651), the third shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate, who forced his subordinate samurai warriors to compete in such contests. ==Kyodo